5/31/2023 0 Comments Catatonia vs cataplexy![]() ![]() “They’ve been around for a long time,” she explained. Scammell reiterated that it is very important to educate patients about nonpharmacological factors that can prove beneficial and that can lead to a healthier life in general.Īs a general rule, Moawad said she often turns to traditional agents that she finds to be effective treatment options, including modafinil and armodafinil, amphetamines, and sodium oxybate. She tells patients to get up and move around when they feel sleepy, too. Benca agreed, noting that for some patients, avoiding carbohydrates but having other kinds of healthy snacks can be useful. Light therapy and even cognitive behavioral therapy can be helpful for these patients, she added. She often reviews a sleep and diet diary, suggesting to patients that smaller meals can be helpful. Both scales, however, are subjective in nature, so the panelists agreed it is important to probe further.Īs part of her intake, Zee looks at lifestyle and behavioral issues that may impact sleep, like diet, exercise, and substance use. Similarly, the Swiss Narcolepsy Scale aims to identify certain behavioral symptoms associated with narcolepsy with cataplexy. The self-administered Epworth Sleepiness Scale includes 8 questions in which patients are asked to rate how often they doze or fall asleep while engaging in certain activities. The panelists discussed tools to help assess and properly diagnose sleep issues. You can sometimes see shorter REM latency in patients with mood disorders.” “The other issue is that, like narcolepsy, mood disorders are sometimes characterized by early entrance into REM sleep. ![]() Some of them are actually excessively sleepy and some of them are just really fatigued and do not show objective evidence of excessive sleepiness, but they will report that they are sleepy,” said Benca, professor and chair of the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine at Wake Forest University School of Medicine. “A significant subset of patients with depression will complain of excessive daytime sleepiness. She added that depression is often comorbid with narcolepsy and symptoms can blur, making a diagnosis challenging. Narcolepsy is either misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed about 60% of the time, with initial diagnosis lagging anywhere from 3 to 8 years, said Zee, director of the Center for Circadian and Sleep Medicine and chief of the Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Neurology, at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine. Leveraging 2 hypothetical patient cases, the panelists walked through potential approaches to treatment. Zee, MD, PhD, reviewed the diagnosis and management of narcolepsy, joined by moderator Tom Scammell, MD. doi:10.In this installment of the Around the Practice custom video program, Heidi Moawad, MD Ruth Benca, MD, PhD and Phyllis C. The shock of the new: Progress in schizophrenia genomics. Catatonic disorder due to general medical conditions. Brain imaging in catatonia: systematic review and directions for future research. Haroche A, Rogers J, Plaze M, Gaillard R, Williams SC, Thomas P, Amad A. Catatonia: Our current understanding of its diagnosis, treatment and pathophysiology. Catatonia psychopathology and phenomenology in a large dataset. Catatonia from its creation to DSM-V: Considerations for ICD. Dystonia, encephalopathy, HIV, and renal failure are conditions that can potentially cause catatonia.įink M. Medical conditions: Some other medical conditions can cause catatonic behavior or behaviors that can be mistaken for catatonia.Substances and other medications: Catatonic behavior may also result from drugs, alcohol, and certain medications. ![]() Depression that includes catatonia as a symptom is sometimes referred to as catatonic depression.
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